Analysis of Diesel Fuel Injectors

The fuel injector is the "heart" of a diesel engine and the most important component in the diesel fuel supply system. However, it can be divided into hole-type injectors and pintle-type injectors, which have different characteristics and working principles. Next, let's listen to how Dingbo Diesel Generator Manufacturer analyzes it for you.

1. Characteristics of Hole-type Injectors

Due to the possibility of having several spray holes with small diameters, it can spray several spray columns with small cone angles and long ranges. Generally, the number of injection holes is 2 to 8, and the diameter of the injection holes is 0.15-0.50mm. The number and direction of the spray holes depend on the requirements of various combustion chambers for atomization quality and the arrangement of the injector in the combustion chamber. For example, the combustion chamber of the 6135G diesel engine is an ω-type, and the formation of the mixture is mainly achieved by directly injecting fuel into the combustion chamber space, so a 4-hole closed injector is used. The diameter of the injection hole is 0.35mm, the injection angle is 150°, the needle valve opening pressure is 17.5MPa, and the spray column shape is adapted to the ω-type combustion chamber.

2. Characteristics of Pintle-type Injectors

The pintle extends outside the injection hole, making the injection hole a circular slit. In this way, the fuel spray will be in a hollow conical or cylindrical shape during injection. The size of the injection hole cross-section and the angle and shape of the spray depend on the shape and lift of the pintle, so the shape of the pintle is required to be processed very precisely.

Common pintle-type injectors mostly have only one or two injection holes, and the diameter of the injection hole is generally 1-3mm. Due to the larger diameter of the injection hole, the injection pressure is lower, generally 10-13MPa, which is convenient for manufacturing and processing. At the same time, the pintle reciprocates in the injection hole during work, which can remove carbon deposits in the hole and improve work reliability.

The working principle of the pintle-type injector is similar to that of the hole-type injector. The difference is that the needle valve of the pintle-type injector extends a inverted cone shape pintle below the lower sealing cone surface, and this pintle will protrude at the lower end and expose from the injection hole. In order to meet the injection requirements of different engines, the common shapes of pintle-type injectors are cylindrical, vertical conical, and inverted conical. Through different shapes and matching with the injection holes, the required hollow conical or cylindrical shape is sprayed from the formed gap.

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